Articles processing fees, also known as publication fees or article processing charges (APCs), are levied by some academic journals to cover the costs associated with the publication process. These fees help offset expenses related to manuscript processing, peer review, editing, formatting, production, and maintaining the journal's infrastructure, including online hosting and archiving. The specific amount of the processing fee can vary depending on the bulletin and its policies, such as the type of article (e.g., original research, review article) and the length of the manuscript. It's important to note that not all journals charge processing fees, as some may rely on other funding sources such as subscriptions or institutional support. Authors should carefully review the journal publication guidelines they wish to submit to understand if there are any processing fees and any available fee waivers or discounts for eligible authors.