Authors:
When submitting articles for publication, all authors and other authors must state any possible conflicts of interest, including employment, consulting fees, research contracts, stock ownership, patent licenses and permissions, advisory ties, etc. If the article is ultimately accepted for publication, the conclusion must include this information must be included in the decision.
Editors:
Editors' guidelines may address the issue of conflict of interest. They may require editors to disclose any potential conflicts of interest affecting their judgment or decision-making during the review and publication process.
Reviewers:
Guidelines may include instructions for reviewers to disclose any potential conflicts affecting their impartiality in manuscript review. Reviewers may be asked to recuse themselves from reviewing a manuscript if a conflict of interest exists.